Over the last few decades atomic clocks have moved from laboratory novelties to large scale usage. The improvement in quartz oscillator technology and in satellite timing systems has augmented the decades of improvement in atomic clocks. Navigation, communication and power systems have all benefited greatly from these improvements. Precise timing has moved from a novelty to a necessity, and we are seeing many other applications benefit as well. One of the reasons being that frequency is not only the most accurate measurement known to man, but it is also the most cost effective of the metrology units. Hence, many applications depend on precise timing elements.