Ten years after the two phases of the World Summit on the Information Society (Geneva 2003 and Tunis 2005), which resulted in the Plan of Action and Declaration of Principles, the WSIS+10 High-Level Event (Geneva, June 2014) produced two further documents: the WSIS+10 Statement on Implementation of the WSIS Outcomes and the WSIS+10 Vision for WSIS Beyond 2015. All these documents lay considerable emphasis on the role of scientific and technical advances and sharing of research results in developing many of the building blocks of the information society. However, despite all the achievements of the past ten years, many challenges still remain, especially in developing countries. According to the WSIS+10 Vision, “e-science revolutionizes science by changing the way in which research is conducted; how the scientific agenda is defined; who participates in it; how the results and data are shared; the pace at which policymakers, scientists and individuals access knowledge; and who participates in the policy follow up of research outcomes.”