Expectations of ICT regulation have grown. In a world in which more than half the world’s population is not using the Internet, according to the latest ITU estimates,126 regulators have to reinvent the rules of the game to extend adoption and use of ICTs, align them with wider social and economic goals and set about connecting the unconnected. And this is not only possible; it is already happening. No fewer than 43 countries now conduct a Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) as a formal requirement before regulatory decisions are made. In some cases, incentive regulation is included to create an enabling environment for further investment, especially in infrastructure. Such developments are testament to the great scrutiny now brought to bear on the significant impact of the rules and regulations that govern ever more important ICT markets. Ex ante Regulatory Impact Assessment and evidence-based decision-making, more broadly, have become mainstream.